mirror of
https://github.com/alrayyes/wiki.git
synced 2024-11-29 14:36:22 +00:00
76 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
76 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
id: de009f15-07b5-4e76-8976-349c949bc148
|
|
title: Economic state of USSR 1942-1943
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Outline
|
|
|
|
- Impossible to calculate as Soviet figures are unreliable at best.
|
|
Relying on convergence of anecdotal evidence
|
|
- Source - Economics of ww2 by Harrison
|
|
- Cats & dogs going missing in Moscow
|
|
- People going to the front because food is so bad at home
|
|
- 62nd/63rd/64th army running out of food
|
|
- Roosevelt tells Molatov in 42 that he'll send less food to start the
|
|
second front in 43 instead of 44. Molatov doesn't want this, he
|
|
prefers food
|
|
- Census is done in 37. Stalin didn't like the results and had the
|
|
people who did the census shot. Next census showed the correct
|
|
numbers
|
|
- In controlled communist economies prices of goods are made up by
|
|
government and are therefore meaningless
|
|
- Soviet Union were in dire economic straits. If Stalingrad was won by
|
|
the Germans they would probably have collapsed
|
|
|
|
# Pre war economy
|
|
|
|
## Agriculture
|
|
|
|
| Country | Working population in agriculture | Output of non agricultural worker |
|
|
|---------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
|
|
| USSR | 57% | 33% |
|
|
| Germany | 26% | 50% |
|
|
| USA | 17% | 40% |
|
|
| UK | 6% | 59% |
|
|
|
|
- Agricultural workers in USSR were female because men were drafted
|
|
for the war or in gulags
|
|
- Amount of rubels spent on the economy dropped from 58.3bn in 1940 to
|
|
31.6bn in 1942
|
|
- Inflation was also rampant which amplified the problems
|
|
- Ukraine & caucuses were taken by Germany. the wheat basket
|
|
- Collectivised farms were terrible for productivity
|
|
- Soviet citizens average daily intake of calories from 1942-1943 is
|
|
estimated to have been 2555 calories. In 1944 this was increased to
|
|
2810 calories. 500 calories less than average german/british
|
|
civilian. Americans ate 1000 more.
|
|
- Dispossed/hungry licked plates of others meals
|
|
- Communist leadership ate well
|
|
- 200-300 grams of sub standard bread
|
|
- Soviets ate half as much food as US citizens on average
|
|
- Zhukov boasted his men lived on 1000 calories / day during the
|
|
battle of Stalingrad
|
|
- between 1940-1942 real output of civilian branches feel from 1/2 to
|
|
2/3
|
|
- By 1942 agricultural output fell to 44% of pre war (1937) level
|
|
according to official Soviet numbers
|
|
- 50m people in USSR employed in agriculture in 1940. By 1942 figure
|
|
dropped to 25m according to official USSR numbers
|
|
- Half the population were covered by official rationing system
|
|
- 80% of the rations were bread
|
|
- After 1942 mortality rates in Siberia decreased because the weakest
|
|
already died off
|
|
|
|
# Gulags
|
|
|
|
- In gulags rations were decreased dramatically. from 1942-1943 people
|
|
were starving in gulags
|
|
- During war years 5m people were in gulag system. 1m were released to
|
|
the front. Majority left in gulags were ill and infirm. They were
|
|
given light work. Even before the war food wasn't provided in enough
|
|
quantities in 1939
|
|
- camp mortality reached it peak in 1942 when 50k prisoners died every
|
|
month.
|
|
- Over 2m people died in gulags and camps during war years
|
|
- Household consumption by workers decreased by 2 fifths from
|
|
1940-1942
|