feature docs

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Jacky Zhao 2023-08-11 22:47:50 -07:00
parent 259d0a6d9a
commit 79e828696a
20 changed files with 160 additions and 94 deletions

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@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ This question is best answered by tracing what happens when a user (you!) runs `
## On the server
1. After running `npx quartz build`, npm will look at `package.json` to find the `bin.quartz` entry which points at `./quartz/bootstrap-cli.mjs`.
1. After running `npx quartz build`, npm will look at `package.json` to find the `bin` entry for `quartz` which points at `./quartz/bootstrap-cli.mjs`.
2. This file has a [shebang](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix)>) line at the top which tells npm to execute it using Node.
3. `bootstrap-cli.mjs` is responsible for a few things:
1. Parsing the command-line arguments using [yargs](http://yargs.js.org/).
2. Transpiling and bundling the rest of Quartz (which is in Typescript) to regular JavaScript using [esbuild](https://esbuild.github.io/). The `esbuild` configuration here is slightly special as it also handles `.scss` file imports using [esbuild-sass-plugin v2](https://www.npmjs.com/package/esbuild-sass-plugin). Additionally, we bundle 'inline' client-side scripts (any `.inline.ts` file) that components declare using a custom `esbuild` plugin that runs another instance of `esbuild` that bundles for the browser instead of `node`. Modules of both types are imported as plain text.
2. Transpiling and bundling the rest of Quartz (which is in Typescript) to regular JavaScript using [esbuild](https://esbuild.github.io/). The `esbuild` configuration here is slightly special as it also handles `.scss` file imports using [esbuild-sass-plugin v2](https://www.npmjs.com/package/esbuild-sass-plugin). Additionally, we bundle 'inline' client-side scripts (any `.inline.ts` file) that components declare using a custom `esbuild` plugin that runs another instance of `esbuild` which bundles for the browser instead of `node`. Modules of both types are imported as plain text.
3. Running the local preview server if `--serve` is set. This starts two servers:
1. A WebSocket server on port 3001 to handle hot-reload signals. This tracks all inbound connections and sends a 'rebuild' message a server-side change is detected (either content or configuration).
2. An HTTP file-server on a user defined port (normally 8080) to serve the actual website files.
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ This question is best answered by tracing what happens when a user (you!) runs `
4. Filter out unwanted content using plugins.
5. Emit files using plugins.
1. Gather all the static resources (e.g. external CSS, JS modules, etc.) each emitter plugin declares.
2. Emitters that emit HTML files do a bit of extra work here as they need to transform the [hast](https://github.com/syntax-tree/hast) produced in the parse step to JSX. This is done using [hast-util-to-jsx-runtime](https://github.com/syntax-tree/hast-util-to-jsx-runtime) with the [Preact](https://preactjs.com/) runtime. Finally, the JSX is rendered to HTML using [preact-render-to-string](https://github.com/preactjs/preact-render-to-string) which statically renders the JSX to HTML (i.e. doesn't care about `useState`, `useEffect`, or any other React/Preact interactive bits). Here, we also do a bunch of fun stuff like assemble the page layout from `quartz.layout.ts`, assemble all the inline scripts that actually get shipped to the client, and all the transpiled styles. The bulk of this logic can be found in `quartz/components/renderPage.tsx`. Other fun things of note:
2. Emitters that emit HTML files do a bit of extra work here as they need to transform the [hast](https://github.com/syntax-tree/hast) produced in the parse step to JSX. This is done using [hast-util-to-jsx-runtime](https://github.com/syntax-tree/hast-util-to-jsx-runtime) with the [Preact](https://preactjs.com/) runtime. Finally, the JSX is rendered to HTML using [preact-render-to-string](https://github.com/preactjs/preact-render-to-string) which statically renders the JSX to HTML (i.e. doesn't care about `useState`, `useEffect`, or any other React/Preact interactive bits). Here, we also do a bunch of fun stuff like assemble the page [[layout]] from `quartz.layout.ts`, assemble all the inline scripts that actually get shipped to the client, and all the transpiled styles. The bulk of this logic can be found in `quartz/components/renderPage.tsx`. Other fun things of note:
1. CSS is minified and transformed using [Lightning CSS](https://github.com/parcel-bundler/lightningcss) to add vendor prefixes and do syntax lowering.
2. Scripts are split into `beforeDOMLoaded` and `afterDOMLoaded` and are inserted in the `<head>` and `<body>` respectively.
3. Finally, each emitter plugin is responsible for emitting and writing it's own emitted files to disk.

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@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ Normally on the web, we write layout code using HTML which looks something like
</article>
```
This piece of HTML represents an article with a leading header that says "An article header" and a paragraph that contains the text "Some content". This is normally combined with CSS to style the page and JavaScript to add interactivity.
This piece of HTML represents an article with a leading header that says "An article header" and a paragraph that contains the text "Some content". This is combined with CSS to style the page and JavaScript to add interactivity.
However, HTML doesn't let you create reusable templates. If you wanted to create a new page, you would need to copy and paste the above snippet and edit the header and content yourself. This isn't great if we have a lot of content on our site that shares a lot of similar layout. The smart people who created React also had similar thoughts, inventing the concept of JSX Components to solve the code duplication problem.
However, HTML doesn't let you create reusable templates. If you wanted to create a new page, you would need to copy and paste the above snippet and edit the header and content yourself. This isn't great if we have a lot of content on our site that shares a lot of similar layout. The smart people who created React also had similar complaints and invented the concept of Components -- JavaScript functions that return JSX -- to solve the code duplication problem.
In effect, components allow you to write a JavaScript function that takes some data and produces HTML as an output. **While Quartz doesn't use React, it uses the same component concept to allow you to easily express layout templates in your Quartz site.**
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ In effect, components allow you to write a JavaScript function that takes some d
Component files are written in `.tsx` files that live in the `quartz/components` folder. These are re-exported in `quartz/components/index.ts` so you can use them in layouts and other components more easily.
Each component file should have a default export that satisfies the `QuartzComponentConstructor` function signature. It is a function that takes in a single optional parameter `opts` and returns a Quartz Component. The type of the parameters `ops` is defined by the interface `Options` which you as the component creator also decide.
Each component file should have a default export that satisfies the `QuartzComponentConstructor` function signature. It's a function that takes in a single optional parameter `opts` and returns a Quartz Component. The type of the parameters `opts` is defined by the interface `Options` which you as the component creator also decide.
In your component, you can use the values from the configuration option to change the rendering behaviour inside of your component. For example, the component in the code snippet below will not render if the `favouriteNumber` option is below 0.
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export default ((userOpts?: Options) => {
The Quartz component itself (lines 11-17 highlighted above) looks like a React component. It takes in properties (sometimes called [props](https://react.dev/learn/passing-props-to-a-component)) and returns JSX.
All Quartz components accept the same set of props which are defined in `QuartzComponentProps`:
All Quartz components accept the same set of props:
```tsx title="quartz/components/types.ts"
// simplified for sake of demonstration
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export type QuartzComponentProps = {
Quartz components can also define a `.css` property on the actual function component which will get picked up by Quartz. This is expected to be a CSS string which can either be inlined or imported from a `.scss` file.
Note that inlined styles **must** be plain vanilla CSS.
Note that inlined styles **must** be plain vanilla CSS:
```tsx {6-10} title="quartz/components/YourComponent.tsx"
export default (() => {
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export default (() => {
}) satisfies QuartzComponentConstructor
```
Imported styles, however, can be from SCSS files.
Imported styles, however, can be from SCSS files:
```tsx {1-2,9} title="quartz/components/YourComponent.tsx"
// assuming your stylesheet is in quartz/components/styles/YourComponent.scss